Investigating of chemical compounds of essential oils and antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant effects of methanolic and chloroform extracts of Eucalyptus, Hyssop and False Acacia

The medicinal plants are widely considered to be an alternative agent for chemical pesticides. In this study, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity of several medicinal plants such as Robinia pseudoacacia, Eucalyptus tereticornis, and Hyssopus officinalis and their chemical compounds were evaluated against several bacterial and fungal pathogens that attack to agricultural product including three positive bacteria, five Gram-negative bacteria and three fungies using the disc diffusion method. Also, the antioxidant activity of these plants was measured by enzyme activities of catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, and DPPH. In addition, the amount of phenol and flavonoid of these plants were measured. Based on the obtained results, the highest and lowest antibacterial activity was recorded for the methanolic extract from R. pseudoacacia and H. officinalis, respectively. Among chlorophormic extracts, H. officinalis and R. pseudoacacia showed the highest and lowest antibacterial activity. None of the three extracts had no antifungal activity. The components of the essential oils of these three herbs were identified, so that the main composition of the essential oils of Eucalyptus, Acacia and Zoospha were Sputulenol, Phytol and Sputulenol, respectively. According to the results obtained from this study, it can be concluded that the extracts of these three plants can be considered as a suitable candidate for further investigation in semifield and field conditions to verify their ability in the natural condition.