Formal analysis of Dehkhoda's poems with emphasis on the dominant aspect

Analyzing literary works based on linguistic frameworks is one of the ways of systematic study of these works. In this research, an attempt is made to examine Dehkhoda's poems based on Leach's norm deviation model, which includes eight types of norm deviation (phonetic, temporal, stylistic, dialectal, semantic, syntactic, written, and lexical). Different methods of norm avoidance and deconstruction of Ibtahaj's poetry have been analyzed and investigated to create poetic images. The results showed that Dehkhoda used the eight types of Leach's non-normative deviation and was able to make his language stand out in this way. In the meantime, he has used time avoidance more than other types of avoidance. The amount of use of other types of deviance and their consequences are also examined in the article. Due to these deviations, Dehkhoda expresses his meaning in an innovative and different way with ordinary words and in the most beautiful way.Also, putting the verb before other elements of the sentence is one of the most frequent examples of syntactic deviation in Dehkhoda's poetry. By using this method, he has evoked a kind of verbism and emphasis on the action instead of the agent.