Removal of 4-Nitrophenol Contaminant by Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor with Media Bee Cell 2000 and Shock Study

Today, the population of most countries is growing exponentially. Countries whose main economic dependence is on oil production. This issue, along with the lack of a rational management system for increasing fuel consumption, groundwater resources and it has seriously threatened the environment in industrial hubs (Ghaderi et al., 2019). Of the various compounds of water pollutants that enter water sources mainly through raw wastewater and its effluents, phenolic compounds are of special importance and can even enter water sources naturally (Ghaderi et al., 2019; Ghaderi et al., 2020). Nitrophenol, a member of the phenolic family of pollutants, is a carcinogen and is known for its many adverse effects on humans and aquatic animals. In recent decades, chemical reduction of nitro phenolic compounds has been widely reported as an advanced removal method for such hazardous dyes from reservoirs (Din et al., 2020). Nitrophenols, which are toxic, inhibitory, and biodegradable organic compounds, are widely used in the chemical industry to make pesticides, dyes, and drugs, and are often found in the effluents of industrial wastewater treatment plants. (Ma et al., 2000).