Mechanisms and Functions of Argumentation Strategy in the Religious Poetry of Abdul Muttalib Hilli

Argumentation is a speech and discourse act which aims at influencing the audience to do or refrain from doing an activity. This discourse process is based on argumentation, persuasion and affecting its own form and content. Due to their needs, the poets of Ahl al-Bayt (AS) (Holly Prophet’s Family) employed this technique in political and religious poetry; however, this way of expression is different in the eyes of these poets. Clearly, Abdul Muttalib Hilli employed linguistic and rhetorical mechanisms of Argumentation using internal coherence in his style so that he could show his religious and belief positions and ultimately present the propriety of Ahl al-Bayt, agonizing story of Karbala and political events of his time. The era included confrontation between the West and the Muslims and the defense of the government and the clerics of the Ottoman period. The speech modes used in the poet's include negative questioning, expressing surprise, repetition in words, expressions for emphasis, modes of prohibition and negation, admonition and blame, parenthetical clauses to strengthen speech, dialogue for interaction, invitation to Jihad, and argumentative links to strengthen expressive possibilities as well as rhetorical style, including simile, trope, metaphor, metonymy, as well as contextual and linguistic opposition.