Evaluation of Methods for Estimating the Penetration Depth of Consolidant Material in Porous Materials of Historical Monuments

Consolidation is one of the most important processes for conservation and restoration, particularly for historical monuments. It is typically made of porous, heterogeneous, and complex materials such as stones, bricks, and mortars. The effectiveness of the consolidation process depends on various factors, including the inherent properties and degree of damage to the material, as well as the condition and method of application of the consolidating material. However, achieving sufficient penetration depth of the reinforcing material is a challenge and can negatively impact the efficiency and effectiveness of the used materials. This research investigates conventional methods for measuring the penetration depth of consolidating materials in porous substrates. This research investigates imaging and spectroscopy techniques for measuring the penetration depth of consolidating materials in porous substrates.