Evaluation of resilience components of urban areas against floods (Case study: Localities located on the rivers in areas 1, 2, 3, 5 and 22 of Tehran Municipality)

In recent years, resilience has become a fixed concept in the analysis of dynamic systems. Also, this concept is widely used in dynamic spatial systems such as cities. Due to the fact that the urban areas located along the rivers have always been under the threat of flooding; Therefore, this article aims to investigate the resilience of districts 1, 2, 3, 5, and 22 of Tehran municipality located on the river course against floods. The current article is of an exploratory type, which was carried out with a descriptive-analytical method, to collect information from the library and survey method using a questionnaire, and to measure the resilience of selected localities, the factor analysis technique and the T-Test statistical test were performed using the SPSS software. The research findings show that the highest average value of 3.59 is related to the economic dimension and the lowest average value of 3.20 is related to the physical dimension. At the same time, the overall average level of resilience of the neighborhoods located on the rivers in areas 1, 2, 3, 5, and 22 of Tehran municipality is 3.39, a number lower than the theoretical average (4); Also, the findings of the research indicate that from the combination of 46 variables, ten factors have been identified, which explains 70.15% of the variance of the effective factors in the resilience of the neighborhoods located on the rivers in areas 1, 2, 3, 5, and 22 of Tehran municipality. Among these ten extracted factors, the economic and financial factor is the most important, and the first factor, with a specific value of 8.65 has been able to explain 18.81% of the research variance alone. Finally, the result of the present article shows that the physical dimension is very important in the resilience of the neighborhoods located on the rivers in areas 1, 2, 3, 5, and 22 of Tehran municipality; Because six of the ten factors: planning and preparation, recovery and self-organization, compliance with principles and laws, critical infrastructure, fortifications and vulnerability, and access to open and safe spaces and centers related to crisis management, are physical. These six factors together explain and interpret nearly half (49.60%) of all the effective factors in the resilience of the neighborhoods located on the rivers in areas 1, 2, 3, 5, and 22 of Tehran municipality.