Histopathological changes result from exposure to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin b

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), a potent inducer of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) and a potential biological threat agent, is known for causing classic food poisoningsymptoms, such as fever, vomiting, and diarrhoea. Its superantigenic properties lead to extensive T-cell proliferation and the production of inflammatory cytokines, contributing to the severe effects of SEB. This toxin induces a wide range of histological changes in the liver, lung, and small intestine.This study involved thirty (20) albino rats obtained from the Iraqi Center for Cancer Research and Medical Genetics at Al-Mustansiriya University. These rats were treated with SEB via the intraperitoneal route (ip) and intragastric (ig), while five (5) female albino rats were used as a control. Histological slides revealed a broad spectrum of histopathological changes in the liver and lung caused by SEB toxin. SEB demonstrated the ability to activate a significant fraction of T lymphocytes, leading to a cytokine storm that resulted in substantial damage to internal tissues.