Colorectal Cancer Screening Guide in Iran

Colon cancer ranks third among the most common cancers. In Iran, this disease ranks fourth in men and second in women. The incidence and mortality caused by this cancer are different in different geographical areas. It is known to reduce the incidence of colon cancer by performing screening methods because most cases originate from polyps that can be seen and removed in colonoscopy before they become malignant. Also, screening methods are able to detect cancer in its early stages and reduce the death rate caused by this disease. However, the implementation of screening programs worldwide, including in Iran, has always faced problems such as the cost of diagnostic equipment, insurance coverage, health infrastructure, human resources, and, most importantly, acceptance by the people. Today, different methods are used for colon cancer screening in different countries, and the choice of these methods depends on several factors, including the prevalence and incidence of this disease, economic resources, and health infrastructure in each region. The purpose of this study was to investigate the common methods for colon cancer screening so that, according to the current situation and considering the screening facilities available in Iran, the best method can be suggested to cover more and more people who need screening.