Identifying the temperature threshold limit and thermal islands of Kerman city with an emphasis on changes in the landscape of the land

Humans have always sought to use and take advantage of nature for their well-being, but most of these uses have caused the destruction of the natural environment around them. It means an area where the temperature of that area is higher than the surrounding environment, in other words, the air temperature in the city is higher than the air temperature of the surrounding environment, which has a uniform and homogeneous temperature. As the aim of this research, they examine and identify the temperature threshold and heat islands of Kerman city, focusing on the landscape changes.

The current research is based on library studies and field investigations in terms of developmental-applicative goal and in terms of descriptive-analytical methodology. To achieve the objectives of the research, 5 indicators (landscape heterogeneity, ecological continuity and connection, connection of land elements, environmental conditions and functional conditions) with 17 sub-indices were extracted. In the following, during three periods (1365-1385-1400), satellite images were prepared and using Envi software, the state of coverage and the results of the temperature surveys of the surface of the land in Kerman city were determined. The colonial competition algorithm (minimum spanning tree MST) has been used in the Matlab 2016 software environment and for the spatialization of the indicators studied in the city of Kerman by the method (Tracking Analyst Tools) in the process of network analysis (Network Analyst Tools) in the soft environment ArcGIS software is used.

As a result of this research, it should be said that at the level of the proposed scenarios, the scenario (construction) in the construction zone in 2016, out of 100% of the available zone in the city of Kerman, 42.44% is dedicated to the construction spot. In 1385, this number reached 49.27% and in 1400, it reached 59.02%. The results of the area metric show that most of the land surface of the study area is made up of patches. Also, construction spots and open spots have increased in area and the growth of this spot between them is significant. The largest share of spots formation in every 3 years is related to artificial spots. The results of the classification spectrum for the measured islands in the city of Kerman were classified into 6 classes. The results show that in the southwest of the city of Kerman, due to the location of numerous polluting centers and industrial towns, as well as the location of the wind, the pollution center of this city. contract.

The results of the location analysis show that the location is very unhealthy in the center of Kerman due to the traffic and population density. In order to investigate and understand the heat islands of Kerman city, relying on the changes and evolutions of pollution in this city, after the investigations carried out on the amount of pollution and carbon dioxide production in 8 sections, the status of each index was examined in terms of the amount of emission. According to the findings of this research, by combining the 8 maps of the previous stage and taking into account what the analysis of the satellite images shows, the state of the heat island resulting from pollution in Kerman city is presented.