Provide a model for school principals' perceptions of the challenges of professional ethics in modern society

The present research aimed to provide a model of school managers' perception from the challenges of professional ethics in modern society. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The research population was in the qualitative part was education experts of Gorgan city with history of management and policy making which according to the principle of theoretical saturation number of 20 people were selected by purposive sampling method and in the quantitative part was the managers and deputies of the first and second period of high school of Gorgan city in the academic years of 2018-19 with number of 256 people which according to the Cochran's formula, 153 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. To collect data were used from semi-structured interview and researcher-made questionnaire of managers' perception from the challenges of professional ethics that the validity of the managers' perception questionnaire with the method of average variance extracted 0.61 and its reliability obtained by Cronbach's alpha method and combination 0.94 and 0.87 respectively and validity of the challenges of professional ethics questionnaire was confirmed by exploratory factor analysis and average variance extracted and its reliability obtained by Cronbach's alpha method and combination of total and all factors higher than 0.60 and 0.70 respectively. Data were analyzed by methods of open, axial and selective coding and structural equation modeling in SPSS-22 and LISREL-8.8 software. The findings of the qualitative section showed that the challenges of professional ethics had 164 basic concepts, 38 open codes, 19 central codes and 9 elective codes. Knowledge (including three codes of up-to-dateness, comparative studies and knowledge dissemination), leadership (including two codes of paternalistic view and source of motivation), committed responsibility (including two codes of work commitment and efficiency), competitiveness (including two codes of competition law and advantage Competitive), development-oriented (including two codes of efficient rules of the Minister of Socio-Cultural Construction), constructive authoritarianism (including two codes of executive determination and constructive interaction) and futurism (including two codes of program-oriented and needs assessment). Quantitative findings showed that managers' perceptions had a direct and significant effect on professional ethics challenges and professional ethics challenges on all nine factors (P <0.05). According to the results, planners and officials to coping the challenges of professional ethics can provide the ground to improve the orbital legitimacy, orbital ethics, orbital scientism, leadership nature, commitment responsibility, competitiveness, development-oriented, constructive authoritarianism and foresight.