Knowledge and Value: Criticla Notes on Abdalkarim Soroush’s Theoretical Approach

The relationship between knowledge and value is a subject of interest within the realm of transethics. To that end, Soroush has put forth the theory of knowledge and value separation. The purpose of this article is to delineate the fundamental components of Soroush’s theory through the application of descriptive-analytical methodology. Five factors, according to the research findings, influenced Soroush’s conception of this notion: adhering to positivists’ definitions and differentiations of sciences; the notion that the deduction of “must” from “is” violates the principles of logic; believing that values are nothing more than credits; consider scientific ethics to be an impersonal branch of ethics; the conviction that scientific ethics and determinism are inextricably linked. As evidenced by the research findings, deriving “oughts” from “beings” does not necessitate a connection between knowledge and value; rather, it enables the development of ethics through reliance on facts (beings) rather than determinism and impersonality. In reality, the moral provisions are the same necessity that exists between human action and its consequences. Science can also encompass non-experimental knowledge; it comprises experimental knowledge as well as intellectual, mystical, narrative, and philosophical knowledge.