A study of cultural system in the book of al- ‎Mustaṭraf fī kull fann mustaẓraf by Al-Abshihi

Undoubtedly, cultural criticism is one of the elements of modern language studies that reveals the nature of language texts and searches for the secrets of language and literary texts. Cultural criticism also enables us to know the foundations of culture and people in society. The selection of the title: (The cultural system in the book of al- Mustaṭraf fī kull fann mustaẓraf by Al-Abshihi) was not random and the researcher had several reasons for it. First of all, al- Mustaṭraf fī kull fann mustaẓraf by Shahabuddin Muhammad Bin Ahmad Abulfath Al-Abshihi is considered one of the most important books that were written in the first half of the 9th century of Hijri. This book has been written in Arabic on various subjects, including the basics of Islam, spiritual, political, and social life, Arab history, ethics, etc. On the other hand, the importance of this research is that it deals with the very important issue of literary criticism. The present research has evaluated and analyzed the book al- Mustaṭraf using a descriptive-analytical method and in the end, the following results have been achieved: the cultural model is considered the most obvious and the most common model used in the book of al- Mustaṭraf. The influence of language culture in this book is quite clear, accurate, and evident, and this influence is clearly reflected in cultural system. Abshihi's avoidance of referring to the politics and governance of society in his book is due to his attitude and personality. Among the cultural system in al- Mustaṭraf, the political system has the lowest place, and maybe his lack of attention to politics is due to the political conditions of that time and the tendency of the writers of that period to speak in secret, and, etc.