Examining the reasons for the formation of Sufism in the early centuries based on Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony

One of the common social and intellectual approaches in history is mysticism and Sufism,which has been accompanied by changes since its formation until its peak and perfection.approach, despite the effect on components, has also been affected by various factors.Despite the impact on other components, approach has also been influenced by various factors, and at the same time,these interactions have created platform that caused the spread or stagnation of the school of Sufism.This article has analyzed the reasons for the emergence of Sufism and Sufism based on Gramsci's theory hegemony with the analytical-descriptive method and the use of reliable library sources.Hegemony means power and dominance.Gramsci's belief, hegemony takes place without coercion by relying on persuasion and public consent.result of the research shows in the early centuries,which considered as the foundation and budding period of Sufism,cultural,political and religious issues and especially social and ideological issues played a role in gaining the strength of Sufism.which include:the importance of religion and the nature of God-knowing of man, the emergence of the Islamic religion,attention to the interior of the Sharia, the social situation of the society,the emergence of some personalities,the presentation of the true issues of Sufism, the emergence of some sects,the lifestyle of the Prophet Helping Sufis to oppressed people, writing books, introspection of ascetics, tendency to asceticism, belief in the mortality of the world, belief in avoiding self-worship,belief in reward and punishment,belief in taking care of deeds,approach of kings to Sufism and Sufis which has caused Sufism and Sufism to be among the hegemon group and guide the public mind towards persuasion and satisfaction not by force but by consent and political leadership