Comparison of the role of education in the development of civil society in Iran and the West

question, what has been the role of education in the development of civil society in Iran and the West? It was decided to come out like this; In the ancient times of the West, education was a private matter. But in the Middle Ages, education became a religious matter. In the event that during the Renaissance, education became a public matter. But in the end, in the new era of the West, education became mandatory. Because in ancient times there were private schools. In the Middle Ages, the church ruled the society. During the Renaissance, the printing industry provided the basis for rapid and widespread publication, and finally, in the new era of the West, due to the government's rule, public education became compulsory. However, there were class schools in Iran in ancient times. But in the Islamic era, they became religious schools. In the case that in the modern era, they were first private and later became compulsory. Because in ancient Iran, education was exclusive to the children of nobles and influential people. But in the Islamic era, because Islam considered education and training as the right of all people, education and training became public and religious. Then, in the contemporary era, due to the Iliat governments, it became private and class-based, but finally, due to the rule of the government, education in Iran became compulsory again In general, in the new world, with the expansion of cities, people's habits and way of life and thought patterns changed. Therefore, education should try to familiarize students with their citizenship rights. Because if students are aware of their rights and responsibilities, they will definitely not allow any person or group to violate their rights, or if they are faced with unjustified authoritarianism in society, they will not surrender and will stand up to it and assert their rights. Because the most important goal of education is to institutionalize civil society, strengthen the spirit of democracy, acquaint students with citizenship rights, and teach critical thinking in students, as the future builders of society.