Re-Reading and Comparative Study of the Verses of Jahiliyat from the Perspective of Allameh Tabatabai and Sayyid Qutb

Jahiliyat, ignorance, is a Quranic term expressing the behavioral, moral and religious characteristics of the people of Hijaz in the historical period before Islam. Sayyid Qutb, after dividing Jahiliyat into ancient and modern and separating societies into Jahili and Islamic, in the explanation of the term Jahiliyat, sets Jahiliyat and disbelief against each other, and as a result considers the Jahili society as a disbelieving society. But according to Allameh Tabatabai, disbelief and faith have degrees and grades, and each ignorance may not be disbelief. For him, according to the verses of the Holy Quran, disbelief and idolatry are one of the effects and results of Jahiliyat, not the same thing. Based on this, considering the society as disbelievers, Allameh Tabatabai does not agree with their takfir. The view taken in the research, which was carried out with descriptive-analytical method, is that of Allameh Tabatabai's. According to the article ahead, Sayyid Qutb's error is in the semantic confusion between law and sovereignty in the verse "A Fa hukam al-Jahiliyyah Yabghun".