Comparison of dynamic behavior of steel and aluminum materials with epoxy composite reinforced with carbon and glass fibers by FEM

In this research, the impact resistance behavior at low speed is analyzed for two types of common metal materials, steel and aluminum, and two types of epoxy composite materials reinforced with carbon fibers and glass, and the results related to the analyzes of metal and composite materials, including Von Mises stresses and strains, maximum shear stress and impact strain energy were compared in these materials. Based on the obtained results, steel with high Von Mises and shear stress and low Von Mises strain and shear strain had better performance than aluminum and composite materials. The steel sample bearing 23815 MPa had the highest von Mises stress and the composite sample reinforced with carbon fibers bearing 4763 MPa had the lowest von Mises stress. The highest Von Mises strain is in the carbon fiber composite sample compared to other metal and composite samples. This increase is about 870% more than the steel sample. This indicates the weakness of these materials in bearing shock loads. Also, the glass fiber reinforced composite sample has better performance compared to the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites. The reason for this is the better energy absorption properties of glass fibers compared to carbon fibers.