Analytical Investigation of Imams' Interaction with Two Rationalist and Textualist Approaches; A Comparative Study of Sadeghain's Encountering with Mu'tazila Leaders and the Companions of Aathar

Rationalism and textualism are among the most challenging topics in the history of Islamic thought and have shown their first signs and fruits in the thinking and practice of the Companions of Al-Aathar and Mu'tazila. In this article, after presenting the most important types of Sadeghain's encountering with these two groups, matching the types is on the agenda in order to open the way to analyze the commonalities and differences of the encountering. The hypothesis of the research was that the common approach of Sadeghain in relation to the leaders of the companions of the work was based on referring to the prophetic tradition for religious understanding; Along with a measured confrontation with the Mu'tazila due to the necessity of reforming the way of using reason and intellect in religious understanding. The findings of the research show the many types of convergence with the companions of Aathar against the many types of divergence with the Mu'tazila. Of course, apart from hadith and rational approaches, other variables have been effective in the type of encountering with these two sects.