Explanation and Analysis of Anthropological Foundations and Epistemological Indicators of Gender Interpretations: In the Field of Women’s Personal and Social Identity

The view of gender interpretations (male and female readings of the Quran) is related to the anthropological foundations of their interpreters about the nature of women. The different opinions in these interpretations are based on the differences in these foundations. This study uses the descriptive-analytical method to identify these foundations and their documents to represent women’s individual and social identity. The results show that these two readings of the Quran have different understandings of the concepts of sexual and gender identity, equality and parallel rights, meritorious and egalitarian justice, and dutiful and rights-based interpretation. Masculinist readings, which prioritize gender identity over human identity, have made the superiority of men over women and discrimination on the basis of gender a natural thing and a divine gift that demands stability in the appearance of women in various spheres of human activity. Feminist readings, on the other hand, which emphasize gender justice and a historical view of the family system, view gender discrimination as a cultural problem and call for women’s independence in entering the political and social spheres.