A review on toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles: impacts on reproductive system and respiratory tissues

A nanoparticle is a small particle that ranges between 1 to 100 nanometers in size. Undetectable by the human eye, nanoparticles can exhibit significantly different physical and chemical properties to their larger material counterparts. Metal oxide nanoparticles pollution has become a major environmental concern due to its widespread production and usage. The potential toxic effects of nanoparticles on human and animal health have been investigated, but their impact on urban animals remains poorly understood. This study provides evidence that exposure to metal oxide nanoparticles leads to significant toxicity in the ovarian and respiratory tissues of urban animals. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring and controlling the release of nanoparticles into the environment to protect the health of animals and humans. Thus, the effects of metal oxide nanoparticles on urban animals provides valuable insights into the potential risks and environmental safety concerns. Continued research in this field is crucial for sustainable development and protection of both human and animal health.