Comparison between Nanochitosane and Calcium Hydroxide on BMP-2 and TGF-β1 Levels in Pulp Capping Treatment (In Vivo Study)

Pulp capping treatment cures reversible pulpitis to restore regular pulses without feeling pain. Calcium hydroxide is often used for pulp capping treatment. Nanochitosan is chitosan in nanoparticle. Chitosan has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and fulfills the requirements to be used as a pulp capping material and applied to the wound area. The study was done in vivo in a laboratory using a sample of the Sprague-Dawley mole Sprague Dawley. The study uses four groups: healthy rat groups, reversible pulpitis, given the Ca(OH)2, and the reversible pulpitis group, in which we are given nanochitosan. After 28 days, the BMP-2 and TGF-β1 levels were measured using ELISA. The results of One-way ANOVA test showed a significant value of <0.001 for BMP-2 level and p=0,016 for TGF-β1 level. There is a significant difference in the mean level of BMP-2 and TGF-β1 in the four groups. This study showed that pulpitis reversible rats that received pulp medicament with nanochitosan had higher levels of BMP-2 and TGF-β1 than those given calcium hydroxide.