Fuzzy Dynamic Modeling for Export Consortia in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises

The absence of active export consortia and the lack of a technical, serious, and codified plan for their development are among the most important reasons for Iran's small and medium-sized enterprises (EMSs) remaining in the country's export coordinates. In this study, the data are collected and analyzed with a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) approach, which is a critical paradigm. The data are collected using library research and field methods. In the field section, structured, exploratory, and collaborative interviews are used in the qualitative phase, and the researcher-made questionnaires are used in the quantitative phase. The data are analyzed using grounded theory, brainstorming sessions, fuzzy cognitive map (FCM), fuzzy inference system (FIS), and system dynamics modeling (SDM). According to the results, "features of consortium members", "export operational plan", "consortium strengthening factor", "recognition of export support", "transnational factors", "government factors", and "product features" are the seven main success factors of private sector export consortia in Iranian industries. Furthermore, identifying a suitable promoter, identifying potential members, conducting the desired study and contacting interested companies, appointing representatives, holding meetings between potential members, conducting a feasibility study and preparing a business plan, officially forming a consortium, and following up on consortium affairs are eight steps for establishing private sector export consortiums in Iranian industries.