An Introduction to Analysis of The Photo "The Painter Otto Dix and His Wife, Martha" By August Sander

August Sander is one of the most important documentary photographers of the 19th and 20th centuries, who lived in two chaotic periods of human history and acted innovatively in the field of visual historiography. His photos may be referred to as documentary sources in which art; unlike in his contemporary photographers' works; is presented through the simple style and representation of the subject's reality the way it truly is. Since August Sander's photos are one of the main cases in presence of the New Objectivity Movement in photography; The purpose of this research was to discover the characteristics of Sander's expression in documentary photography through the analysis of the photo "The Painter Otto Dix and His Wife, Marta". In this regard, two questions were answered: 1. Which factors was August Sander influenced by to become interested in documentary photography? 2. What are the characteristics of Sander's expression in the photo "The Painter Otto Dix and His Wife, Martha" that makes this photo a documentary one?In this research, it has been assumed that Sander, affected by the events around him, considered photography as a tool for scientific and documentary recording of subjects. Finally, by studying Latin and Persian sources and using a descriptive-analytical method; the author reached the conclusion that Sander, having a documentary approach and influenced by the New Objectivity Movement and also the events around him, used natural means to represent the subject.