Investigating the Placement of Pictures in Social Posters and Their Superiority Over Other Elements in Modern Iranian Art

Posters with political, cultural, and commercial purposes exist in all the world around us, and graphic designers around the world have always used two types of signs to convey meaning in poster design; Pictorial signs and written signs, such as calligraphy, typography, illustration, and photography. In the meantime, with the extraordinary performance of photography in creating images and the practical and creative methods of photography known as photography and photomontage, the use of visual signs in creating graphic images became more common. In this research, an attempt is made to examine the advantage of the photo in reading the message of social posters and the impact and success created by it in this category of posters based on the perception of reality compared to other elements. The purpose of this research, which was carried out in a descriptive-analytical method, is to investigate and determine the role and use of photos in reading the message and the degree of influence in the design of contemporary social posters in Iran. For this purpose, the necessity and importance of this issue is in reflecting the message of social posters and the impact and permanence of the messages in the minds of the audience and changing the lifestyle towards the ideal society. By beginning the process of expressing concepts through photographic techniques as a feeling, a movement of thought, and a way of life, it enabled the artist to communicate directly with the viewer through visual expression without the need for written explanation. Among the most important findings of this research, we can point to the greater impact of social posters designed using photos, in a documentary form, and a modified form by creating a sense of reality, compared to completely graphic or written posters.