Investigation the Causes of Lebanon's Political Crisis 2005-2019

The heterogeneous and mosaic socio-political conditions of Lebanon, which is rooted in the history of this country, are the main reason for the formation of unrest and the lack of consensus among political elites to create reconciliation between ethnic and religious groups and currents inside this country. But besides the above factor, other factors are also effective in this field. The current research tries to answer this question with a descriptive-analytical approach and through library that what were the most important influential factors in the formation of Lebanon's political crisis and its spread to other areas between 2005 and 2019? (question). In this research, the authors analyze the role of domestic, regional and international components by using the level of analysis approach as well as Little's security approach, which deals with socio-political cohesion and the type of security environment. The findings indicate that the internal differences between different ethnic and religious groups have caused the weakness of the government institution and they have provided the ground for foreign actors to play a role in the political sphere of Lebanon. In addition to the internal components, the interventionist role of foreign actors and their alliance with ethnic and religious groups with the aim of achieving their desired interests, has caused the failure to reach a collective agreement among the political elites of this country. This issue doubled the problem of fragmentation, instability and deep political, social and economic crises in Lebanon during the years 2005 to 2019 (findings)