Preventive civil liability in administrative actions, Comparative study of Iranian and English law

Nowadays, due to social developments and the changing face of human civilization, a special place is given to civil responsibility. "The principle of not harming others and the need to compensate for unjustified harm, which is one of the three principles of ethics and rights, has doubled the importance of civil responsibility. Providing the best and most efficient way to compensate the victims and reduce their number and intensity and reduce social costs is the least that preventive civil responsibility can do. The concept of preventive civil responsibility has emerged with an economic analysis of responsibility. Preventive civil responsibility of the government in administrative actions is also one of the basic issues that can be proposed considering the scope of the government's activities in matters such as the environment, transgenic products, etc. Therefore, in this article, by using the analytical and descriptive method and taking into account the principle of personal responsibility and the need for accuracy in interpretation and analysis, the special conditions and rulings governing this responsibility in Iranian law in a comparative manner with England will be criticized and examined. The results show that despite the similarities in the laws of these two countries, there are also certain differences in terms of function and implementation in this field.