A Scheduling Algorithm for Optimizing Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in Parking Lots

Sufficient public parking lots (PLs) are essential for developing of sustainable cities. Different factors such as location, accessibility, safety, and environmental effects must be considered to ensure PLs stability. New technologies such as intelligent parking systems, electric vehicle (EV) charging stations (CSs), and green infrastructure make PLs more sustainable and efficient. In addition to providing parking spaces for ordinary cars (OCs), PLs provide charging services for EVs. After completing charging, EVs can be transferred to another place in the PL to provide charging service for more EVs. This problem is a motivation to present an optimization process for park scheduling in this paper. The proposed process is based on minimizing the number of required chargers. The considered constraints in the optimal scheduling process include providing the requested charging service and parking space for all EVs and OCs. The required parking space is determined based on the available databases and the simultaneous presence of vehicles in the PL. Statistical simulations produce different scenarios of vehicles in PL. The findings demonstrate that the suggested approach enhances the utilization of EV charging infrastructure in PLs. It can address the issue of random parking in public places and determine the parking routine.