Comparative Analysis of Space Syntax and PPS Matrix Methods in Measuring Spatial Quality (Case Study: Bazar-e Tabriz)

The challenge of determining the most appropriate method for spatial analysis has long captivated the attention of researchers. Many spatial studies rely solely on either quantitative or qualitative research methods and techniques, yielding insights that only scratch the surface of spatial characteristics. This research aims to conduct a comparative analysis of two spatial arrangement methods one focusing on spatial structure and the other utilizing the "Project for Public Spaces" (PPS) approach, which emphasizes environmental quality through defined indicators such as sociability, accessibility, uses and activities, comfort, and image. Additionally, this study explores the feasibility of concurrently utilizing these methods to comprehensively assess the quality of the studied location. The rationale for selecting these methods includes their efficiency, widespread usage, and ability to accommodate both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The historical market of Tabriz city serves as the focal point for measuring spatial quality, serving as an architectural and urban design indicator. Quantitative values derived from the spatial arrangement method encompass coherence, connection, and comprehensibility. The findings of this study revealed discrepancies between the outcomes of these two methods. While PPS evaluated environmental factors in the market based on user feedback regarding socio-cultural impacts, the space arrangement analysis aligned with assumptions about individual behavior in relation to the market's physical structure. Compared to the spatial layout, which primarily assesses mobility and user movement through morphological indicators, PPS, by considering human factors, more accurately reflects the livability of market spaces. In conclusion, the integration of these two methods presents a novel alternative approach for obtaining comprehensive and reliable results in measuring space quality.