Comparative study of tree array in Safavid and Qajar carpets

The art of carpet weaving is one of the traditional and authentic Iranian arts, which displays a rare effect of traditional and decorative motifs and arrays. These arrays include various plant, animal, human and abstract species. Plant motifs are one of the most abundant and frequent arrays that have been used in carpets, and the role of a tree as a visual and narrative element is one of the main types of these plant elements that have been used in carpets of different historical periods. In the samples of the remaining carpets from the Safavid era to the present day samples, trees are woven in different and diverse ways, and they have caused diversity and appearance of different species in the tree carpets. Investigating the characteristics of designs containing trees, especially in the Safavid and Qajar periods, is one of the main goals of this research. And based on this, the following questions are raised;- What are the structural features of the tree array in the Safavid and Qajar period carpets?- Is it possible to define common and different criteria in terms of design and pattern for Safavid and Qajar tree rugs?This article has analyzed the features of the tree array in Safavid and Qajar period carpets and identified the commonalities and differences of this array in the two mentioned periods, and from this point of view, it has examined the changes that have occurred in the role of the tree.This research is descriptive-analytical and comparative, and the collection of materials has been done in a library manner. Based on the results of the research, it was found that the characteristic of Safavid period tree rugs is influenced by the carpet weaving art of this period and the general framework of the Safavid period carpet weaving art has been preserved. After the Safavid period, in the Qajar period, the weaving of tree rugs continued with the general preservation of the structure of the Safavid rugs. Comparing and comparing the Safavid and Qajar types shows more diversity in the design, tree form in the text of Qajar tree rugs. Also, in the Qajar period, the new trend of naturalism in carpet design has led to the emergence of new themes and the role of various materials in Iranian carpets, and has determined the variety of tree designs in this era.