Comparison of the effectiveness of grid sampling methods in estimating the weed population of corn fields under different irrigation systems

Message:
Article Type:
Research/Original Article (دارای رتبه معتبر)
Abstract:
The first and most important step in weed management planning is to know the weed population. The proper sampling method is necessary to get a real and accurate knowledge of weed contamination in the fields. To investigate the effectiveness of grid sampling methods in estimating the weed population of corn fields under drip, furrow and sprinkler irrigation systems, a research was conducted in 2020 in six corn (Zea mays L.) fields. The fields were gridded with nine methods (three square methods, a rectangle along the field and a rectangle across the field each in three sizes). At the intersection of the lines, using square (100×100 cm) and rectangular (80×125 cm) squares perpendicular to the planting lines, data on the density and diversity of weed seedlings were recorded by species and at the four-leaf stage of corn. The results showed that in weed species such as A. belitoides, which had a wide distribution range, in drip and furrow irrigation systems, the square quadrat showed a more accurate estimate, and in the rain irrigation system, the rectangular quadrat showed a more accurate estimate. This was affected by the different wetting patterns of the soil in different irrigation methods, which somehow affected the emergence of weeds in the field. In other weed species, such as A. retroflexus, which had a more limited distribution range, the square quadrat in all three irrigation systems estimated weed density with less error than the rectangular quadrat. Examining the accuracy of grid sampling methods in weed population estimation showed that rectangular grid methods by increasing the grid dimensions along the length or width of the land had a more accurate estimate of species diversity and population density, as well as the density of single weed species compared to square grid methods with larger dimensions. By using these networking methods, along with the appropriate estimation of species diversity and weed population density, the status of weed species in the field can be investigated by reducing the sampling points with greater ease and less human effort.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Iranian Journal of Weed Science, Volume:19 Issue: 2, 2025
Pages:
45 to 66
https://www.magiran.com/p2809185  
سامانه نویسندگان
  • Ghafari، Mahdi
    Author (1)
    Ghafari, Mahdi
    .Ph.D Weed science, Agriculture and Natural resource, University of Tehran, تهران, Iran
  • Oveisi، Mostafa
    Corresponding Author (2)
    Oveisi, Mostafa
    Associate Professor Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, تهران, Iran
  • Alizadeh، Hassan
    Author (3)
    Alizadeh, Hassan
    Professor Depatment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Tehran, تهران, Iran
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