The approach of Iran's judicial system to the forced transfer of private properties and lands to executive organization

Throughout the history of human life, one of the most challenging issues related to the ownership of immovable property has been its forced transfer to the government. for protecting the right of individual property, nowdays, in most countries, forced transfer of lands and properties conditions to the government have been systematized in the light of laws and regulations. In Iran's legal system, this issue has been regulated in laws. However, this issue has many challenges for various reasons. For this reason, this article, after examining the conditions of forced property acquisition by the executive organizations, has examined these challenges from the perspective of the Iranian judicial system and its findings indicate forced acquisition by the executive organizations has several conditions, which include: the approved plan, the need of the executive organization, securing the plan's implementation financial credit, the plan's implementation necessity, and the absence of national and state lands. In addition, the property price determination, the delay in property price payment and the delay in the implementation of the project are the most important challenges of forced acquisition in Iran, and part of these challenges are due to the ambiguity in the laws and legal loopholes in this field.