Innovative Networking Model in Science and Technology Parks: A Solution for Strengthening the Innovation Ecosystem

The role of science and technology parks (STPs) in driving innovation and bridging the gap between industry and academia hinges on fostering a robust network of interactions and collaborations. Consequently, understanding the networking processes within these centers is crucial. This study aims to develop a networking model for STPs within the framework of an innovation ecosystem, employing systematic review, fuzzy Delphi methodology, and structural equation modeling. The research involved the selection of seven reputable scientific databases for article extraction. 42 studies, published between 1990 and 2020 (Gregorian calendar) and 1360 to 1401 (Persian calendar), were systematically reviewed and coded. The derived codes were subsequently presented to 15 experts as a Delphi questionnaire. The findings identified 16 networking indicators grouped into three levels: antecedents, decision-making, and outcomes. In the proposed networking model for STPs, at the antecedent level, the cultural and geographical environment exhibited the highest effect coefficient (1.23), while infrastructure demonstrated the lowest (0.59). At the decision-making level, operational decisions showed the highest effect coefficient (5.84), whereas external interaction had the lowest (1). Finally, at the outcome level, the component related to entry into new markets achieved the highest effect coefficient (1), while innovation had the lowest (0.41). Overall, the model displayed a good fit, offering a structured framework for enhancing networking in science and technology parks.(Based on the opinion of the first reviewer, in order to strengthen the article, it was recommended that the Persian and Latin abstracts should be between 150 and 250 words. Therefore, this was taken into account in the amendments made. Of course, it seems that the system settings should be changed in this regard).