Development and validation of the maladaptive academic perfectionism scale (MAPS)

The aim of the present study was to construct and validate a suitable scale to measure maladaptive perfectionism in female high school students. The research method was a descriptive instrument construction type. The statistical population of the study included female high school students in Birjand in 2020-2021, of whom 315 were selected through purposive sampling and responded to the research questionnaires. In order to examine the validity of the scale, content validity methods using CVI and CVR indices, and construct validity through exploratory factor analysis were used. The results of principal component analysis with Equimax rotation showed that the scale consists of four subscales: worry and fear of making mistakes, high expectations, academic dissatisfaction, and irrational beliefs (academic rumination). Also, in order to examine the convergent validity, the correlation coefficients of the components of the maladaptive academic perfectionism scale with the academic procrastination questionnaire (Solomon and Rothblum, 1984) were calculated and were statistically significant (P<0.05). The internal consistency of the total scale and subscales was calculated using Cronbach's alpha method and was acceptable. Overall, the findings showed that the present scale has appropriate reliability (stability, internal consistency) and validity for measuring maladaptive academic perfectionism of students and can be used by researchers and counselors.