Taxonomy and Prioritization of Conflicts in Tourism Development for Destinations Using a Combined Meta-Synthesis and Fuzzy Delphi Approach

Tourism is a complex system involving multiple stakeholders. When these stakeholders have different perceptions and goals regarding tourism development, conflicts can arise among them in various areas. To achieve sustainable tourism advantages for destinations and tourist satisfaction, we must identify the conflicts between stakeholders, their causes, and the underlying reasons. This study focuses on examining the issue of conflicts among tourism stakeholders using a combined methodological approach, meta-synthesis, and a multi-criteria decision-making model to comprehensively identify existing conflicts, identify the causes of conflicts in tourist destinations, explain the types of conflicts, and prioritize conflicts. By analyzing 37 existing studies, 30 conflict parameters were identified using the meta-synthesis method, and based on the opinions of 15 tourism experts, prioritization was performed using the fuzzy Delphi method. The results show that parameters such as hindering the development of tourist activities due to environmental regulations, unfair distribution of tourism benefits, and disagreement in allocating incentives and financial rewards to stakeholders are the most important areas of conflict among tourism stakeholders, with conflicting interests and violation of the rights and interests of others being the most important causes.