Validation of the defensive realism approach in Qaem Maqam Farahani's foreign policy

By referring to historical texts and documents, it is possible to extract the indicators and components of foreign policy in the opinion of Mirza Abolqasem Farahani and take steps in the direction of theorizing Iran's foreign policy. Qaem Maqam Farahani's goal in politics was to rebuild Iran's power resources to ensure Iran's approximate security, to counter the influence of great powers, to preserve Iran's territorial integrity, to remove threats in the border areas, especially the intensification of insecurity in Iran's northern, northwestern, and southeastern borders. In this article, an attempt is made to examine Farahani's foreign policy in the theoretical framework of political realism by referring to historical data and the descriptive-analytical method. The question of this article is: What components and indicators are affected by Farahani's foreign policy? These indicators are related to which political theory? The hypothesis of this research is: due to the salience of power-oriented components, rationalism and calculation, providing security and utilitarianism, rebuilding and strengthening military power, defensive realism has the ability to better explain Farahani's foreign policy.