Influential components and variables in architectural cooperative learning - a review and analysis of findings and identification of gaps

Research Problem: 

Research on cooperative learning shows that despite many benefits, the results of its application are only sometimes positive, and sometimes it leads to student dissatisfaction and lower performance. It seems that cooperative learning affected by different conditions and factors may have positive or negative results. Therefore, knowing the components and variables affecting the cooperative learning process of design is of particular importance; without considering them, considering them is necessary for the implementation of this method to succeed.Research Question: 1. What components and variables affect the application of cooperative learning in architecture? 2. What methods are used to study and measure these components and variables in cooperative learning of architecture? 3. What are the gaps in cooperative learning architecture research?

1. Identifying the components and variables influencing cooperative learning of architecture; 2. Identifying and proposing appropriate methods for studying and measuring components and variables; and 3. Identifying research gaps and offering suggestions for future research.

The current research is a review. The research steps are: 1. A preliminary study to identify keywords; 2. Searching for keywords in scientific databases and preparing an initial list of sources; 3. Check the sources of the initial list, complete the search chain, and prepare the final list of sources; 4. Studying sources and categorizing them based on commonalities; and 5. Systematic presentation of the summary of topics and their methodology. 6. Identifying gaps and offering suggestions.

The review of the research background shows that collaborative learning is used to increase the depth of learning and enhance problem-solving skills and creativity. Components and variables such as grouping, learning environment, instructional content, and performance evaluation methods play a determining role in improving the quality of learning. The role of interpersonal communication and convergent and divergent thinking in collaborative learning is also mentioned in the research background. First and final year students also go through different design processes, and it is necessary to use different strategies to educate them. Methodologically, quantitative methods are used to evaluate and compare multiple variables. In contrast, qualitative methods are used to gain a deeper understanding of key concepts in a process and discover the relationships between them.