A Comparative Study of Global Experiences in the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Public Administration: Implications for Enhancing Smart Governance in Iran

The expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) in governance and public administration has the potential to optimize processes, enhance transparency, and improve public services, especially in leading countries. This study, framed within the concept of smart governance, conducts a comparative analysis of global experiences in the application of AI in public administration in five selected countries. It analyzes the similarities, differences, and relevant themes related to the application of AI in governance with a focus on Iran. The research methodology is qualitative, employing a comparative study strategy. After reviewing the foundations, previous research, and related global criteria, five countries- the United States, China, Singapore, the United Kingdom, and Denmark- were selected for study, as they are leaders in electronic government and AI indices, ranking among the top four in at least one of these areas. The comparative analysis of the collected data indicates that the key components of AI application in these five countries can be examined in six categories: application areas, foundational and infrastructural actions, macro policies, responsible institutions, emerging trends, and challenges in the use of this technology. Issues such as sanctions in Iran have hindered the development of adequate infrastructure, and to improve the situation and overcome these obstacles, suggestions such as supporting investment, developing technological infrastructure, learning from international experiences, and strengthening human resources have been proposed. This would enable Iran to achieve a better position in this field.