Psychometrics of the Persian version of two metacognition belief and metacognition process questionnaires in sports

It is very important to evaluate the processes and factors of self-regulation among athletes. This study was conducted with the aim of psychometrically analyzing the Persian version of two questionnaires, the Metacognitive Beliefs about Performances Questionnaire (MBPQ) and the Metacognitive Processes during Performances Questionnaire (MPPQ). 

Methods & Materials:

 Both questionnaires were adapted to the Persian language and then completed online by 464 male and female Iranian athletes from various sports fields and with different levels of performance.

Confirmatory factor analysis showed that both questionnaires had sound factor validity. Reliability and internal consistency tests showed that the reliability was sufficient for all subscales of both questionnaires. Bivariate correlations and correlations of hidden factors showed that between most variables except negative beliefs about the uncontrollability of competitive thinking, which had a negative relationship with the dimensions of competitive self-regulation; There are positive relationships. Finally, comparative analyses showed that there were significant differences between high and low competitive level athletes in metacognition, with higher-level athletes reporting more adaptive metacognitive regulation during competitions.

Based on the findings, the MBPQ can be used as a suitable tool to measure metacognitive beliefs about the performances and the MPPQ can be used as a suitable tool to measure metacognitive processes during performance.