Study of Myoepithelial Cell Markers in Pleomorphic Adenoma and Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of Salivary Glands

Introduction
The application of immunohistochemical method has resulted in marked improvement of the microscopic diagnosis of neoplasms combined with H&E staining. Although unique cellular antigens have not been found in salivary gland neoplasms, multiple less specific immunomarkers have been used and may be helpful in elucidating the role of myoepithelial differentiation in those neoplasms. The aim of this study was to evaluate immunohistochemical myoepithelial markers (GFAP, actin, vimentin, and S100) in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and pleomorphic adenoma of salivary glands for differential diagnosis of these tumors and specification of their histogenesis.
Methods and Materials
Formalin-fixed and parafin embedded tissue sections of 25 pleomorphic adenoma and 25 mucoepidermoid carcinoma were immunohistochemically analyzed for the presence of actin, vimentin, GFAP, and S100 protein. A standard biotin-streptavidin procedure was used after antigen retrieval. Immunoreactivity of myoepithlial cells and chondromyxoid areas in pleomorphic adenoma and mucus cell, epidermoid cells, and intermediate cells in mucoepidermoid carcinoma were evaluated and immunoreactivity was scored on a scale of 0 to (Regezi method) with o as negative, 1 as scattered staining, 2 as 25% to 50% of positive tumoral cells, and 4 as more than 50% positive cells. The data were analyzed with chi-square test, and significance level was considered as 0.05 (P