Geomorpholigic Assessment of Urban Development and Vulnerability Caused by Landslide in Mountainous Hillsides of Tehran Metropolis

Storm is one of the most destructive climatically parameters which cause different damages. Among the local winds of Iran, 120day wind of Sistan is specially well-Known. This wind the velocity of which reaches to 148 km. per hour flows in the eastern part of Iran from June 5th. to Aug. 6 th. The studied region has always borne many damages from these winds. The movement of running sands in studying area caused a lot of destruction on the roads, farms, villages, quinats, serttlements, irrigational cannals and some other industrial installations. Satellite images and field investigations have shown that the length of irrigational cannals filled because of draught and the movement of running sands decreased from 44.2 to 51.1 km., first class roads from 11.6 to 18.8 km., second class roads from 13.2 to 41.4 km., the number of destroyed villages form 9 to 28, and the area of sand hills or dunes from 9421 to 14353 hectares It seems that water reservoirs of Chahnime which is the only resource of drinking waters in Zahedan and Zabol has been seriously threatened by the running sands. In the present paper, we are going to study – by Utilizing of Satellite Images – the effective factors of wind erosion and sand drifting towards the agricultural lands, Communicative roads, villages and installations which are subject to running sand, so that incurred damages are reminded to the authorities for taking the necessary measures in this regard.