Identity of the Soul (Mind) and Body and the Issue of Qualia

Since olden times, there have been materialist theories according to which man's reality is confined to this material body. One of the materialist theories of the present time which has been introduced in a new way concerning relationship between the soul and body is "identity of the soul (mind) and body". This theory which is one of the theories of the contemporary philosophy of mind was introduced when Ryle's behaviorism was criticized. As understood from the term "identity", [according to this theory] the soul- or, as it is today popular in the philosophy of mind, the mind- is the same as body (brain). In other words, there is no immaterial thing such as mind, and what there is is only brain and nothing else. Basis of such an illusion is some sort of strong scientism; for, those advocate this theory hold that in the same way that science has found that for example water is nothing other than H2O, some day, it will be found that mind is nothing other than brain.