Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Tritipyrum, Triticale and Wheat Lines through RAPD and ISJ Markers

Synthetic plants as well as wild crop species are valuable genetic resourses. To determine the genetic variation in triticale, tritipyrum as well as wheat lines, genomic DNA of this amphiploid including Thinopyrum bessarabicum and durum wheat were amplified using 32 random and 22 semi random primers. Primers that could produce clear, polymorphic and repetitive bands are used for determination of similarity matrix and dendogram based on Jaccard similarity coefficients and UPGMA algorithm. The similarity coefficients were in the range of 0.01-0.55, 0.02-0.63 and 0.04-0.53 for random, semi-random and a combination of random and semi-random primers, respectively, indicating a broad genetic divergence among these three amphiploids, durum wheat and Th. bessarabicum. For the combination of random and semi-random primers, average genetic similarity between triticale premising lines, tritipyrum primary lines, and Th. bessarabicum were found to be 0.179, between tritipyrum primary lines and wheat breeding cultivars 0.194 and between triticale premising lines and wheat breeding cultivars 0.161. Steward tetraploid wheat exhibits the highest genetic distance from 4103 triticale line. The triticale lines 4103 and 4116 exhibited the lowest genetic distance between each other. La(4B)4D/b tritipyrum line has the highest genetic similarity with chains spring wheat cultivar. St/b and Cr/b tritipyrum lines had the highest genetic similarity with the paternal line (Thinopyrum bessarabicum). This study confirms the efficiency of semi-random than random primers, as well as the combination of random and semi-random primers than their sporadics in an estimation of genetic diversity.