Apparatus Crititicus a Procedure for Correcting Scripts

Generaly speaking, in correcting scripts the difference between the versions is shown in the footnotes. This procedure has been subject to Criticisms. For example, it brings confusion to the text and occupies a large space; so the versions fail to give a full account. Besides this procedure there is another one known as "apparatus Criticus". This procedure differs from the previous one (i.e. use of footnotes) in that according to this procedure, no mark is placed inside the text and the difference between the versions isrecorded in full. The copies occupy a little space and are completely separated from the corrected notes. This procedure was first introduced with regard to the Bible and later on Helmuth Ritter used it with the Islamic texts.