Immediate implantation in the maxillary and mandibular molar fresh sockets: technique and results

Background and aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictability of implantation at the time of maxillary and mandibular molar extraction.Materials and methods. Maxillary and mandibular molars were extracted with an atraumatic technique (root separation and careful extraction with a periotome) to preserve all remaining inter-radicular bone. Then, 115 tapered and straight implants were inserted in extraction sites. Inter-radicular bone was utilized to provide primary stability for the implants. Regenerative therapy including placement of bone substitute and resorbable membrane, was performed around all the implants.Results. Four out of 115 implants failed and were removed one month after insertion because of mobility and radiolucency around the implants. The 7-year cumulative survival rate (CSR) of implants was 96.5%. The maxillary and mandibular 7-year CSRs were 92.7% and 98.6%, respectively.Conclusion. The combination of atraumatic extraction of hopeless molars, immediate implant placement and concomitant regenerative therapy is a predictable surgical procedure, affording implant stability for restoration with a single crown.