HLA-DR1, Circulating Th1/Th2 Cytokines and Immunological Homunculus in Coronary Atherosclerosis

Coronary atherosclerotic disease is one of the most endangering health disorder worldwide. This study was designed to investigate the correlation between HLA-DR1 alleles and circulating Th1/Th2 type cytokines in coronary atherosclerosis. By Elisa, Th1/Th2 type cytokines were determined in serum samples of 31 subjects with unstable angina, 27 subjects with chronic stable angina and 24 individuals as normal control. By SSP-PCR, more than 100 alleles of HLA-DRB1 were typed in 24 subjects who had skewed serum levels of Th1/Th2 type cytokines. Lipid profiles were determined by the routine methods of clinical laboratory in all subjects. The mean serum concentration of IL-10 in normal control subjects was higher in comparison to the patient groups.0.33±0.59 pg/ml versus 0.064±0.3 pg/ml in unstable angina pectoris group (p<0.028) and 0.22±0.6 pg/ml in chronic stable subjects. There was no statistically significant difference among the groups in serum levels of other desired cytokines (IFN-, IL-4). 33.33% of normal control subjects were HLA-DR16 positive whereas none of the subjects with chronic stable angina or individuals with unstable angina pectoris was positive for this antigen. The mean concentration of serum LDL-cholesterol in normal control group was high 142.046±35.40 (pg/ml).This preliminary study shows that the atherogenic effect of the LDL- cholesterol may be dampened by HDL-cholesterol through anti inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and HLA-DR16, a phenomenon interpretable via immunological homunculus theory.