Search for Proteins in the Liquid Extract of Edible Mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, and Studying their Antibacterial Effects

The edible mushrooms (basidomycetes) have high nutritional value, promote the immune system, and as a source of natural antimicrobial substances have been used to cure bacterial infections since ancient times.Various kinds of proteins with several biological activities are produced by mushrooms. In this research, in order to evaluate antibacterial activity of edible mushrooms, we isolated proteins of Agaricus bisporus and examined their effects on gr + and gr- bacteria. Protein extract of the mushroom was first discriminated by homogenation of the chopped fruiting bodies in tris buffer with pH 7.3 and then centrifuged. The Protein concentration was determined by Bradford method. Gel filtration of the proteins was performed by Sephadex G-100 using UV spectrophotometer as detector.Three fractions were collected and their purity level were defined by SDS-PAGE. In order to reach to a more purification level, isolated proteins from the G-100 column were fractionated by the DEAE ion exchange column. Antibacterial activity of total extact proteins as well as protein fractions was evaluated by the method of microdilution against gr+ and gr- bacteria. This study showed that the isolated proteins from the mushroom, Agaricus bisporus fruiting bodies were effective against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA. The proteins of edible mushrooms like Agaricus bisporus, maybe viewed as a natural source of antibacterial agents.