Comprative study of anatomical structure of two species from Carthamusin Iran

Asteraceaeis the largest family in the world including seven tribes، 1500genera and 23000 species. Members of this family are spread all over the world. In comparative research of anatomical structure، two spcices which are called CarthamuslanataL. and CarthamusoxyacanthaM. B.، that is belonged to the tribe of Cynareae، are collected from different areas and after placing them in fixture، preparing، double stained and preparing the slides with optical microscope and computer from different parts like root، stem (node، internode)، cauline leaf، basal leaf، peduncle، phyllary and epidermis are being studied in order to investigate the relation between them. In this context 25 characters of root، 30 characters of stem (node، internode) and peduncle and 25 characters of caulineand basal leaf، 8 characters of epidermis، 18 characters of phyllary and 8 characters of micromorphology of fruit are being studied. Transections from the root and stem، peduncle، leaf and phyllary can help considerably in classification. Study of the surface of fruit with scanning electron microscope can be a suitable method in classification. However، epidermal cell shape and stomal type due to the similarities in all the species in this study، aren’t an appropriate character for the classification، but the density of trichome and the number of stomata on the leaf surface is an appropriate character for classification.