فصلنامه روان شناسی کاربردی
سال نهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 33، بهار 1394)

Aim: Purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an intervention program designed to improve self-concept and resilience in children of divorce.
In this quasi experimental research with pre and posttest and a control group, 25 families who had 10-12 years old children were selected by convenience sampling. These families were selected from among 143 couples who had been referred to the family court branch in the city of Kashmar in Iran in 2012. A condition for participation in the study was that children of divorce had to live permanently with one of the parents. For 13 children in the experimental group, 15 sessions of the intervention program was administrated during a period of five weeks and three days per week. Twelve children were placed in a no intervention control group. The social emotional assets and resilience scale by Merrell, 2010 and the Piers-Harris’ children self-concept scale 1969 were used as research tools. ANOVA with repeated measures was used for analyzing the data.
Result indicated that intervention program did not change children`s self-concept but increased their resilience. Results of a three follow-up showed that this effect remained constant.
Children of divorce intervention program can be considered as an effective way to improve resilience of children and can be used for teaching single parents whose child lives with them in counseling and planning centers.

This study was conducted in order to investigate the effectiveness of participating in teaching sessions based on concepts on unity-oriented psychology on the level of stress and mother-child relationship in mothers of autistic children.
A quasi-experimental pre-post design with control group was applied in the current research. The statistical population included 35 mothers of autistic children who were referred to the Autistic Training and Rehabilitation Center (Behara) in Tehran in 2014. All participants were residents in the City of Tehran. Of these sixteen mothers were on convenience and were placed in either the experimental or the contril group. The experimental group participated in eight sessions of intervention based on unity-oriented psychology as well as eight home work sessions. The control group was placed on a waiting list. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) by Cohen, Kamark and Mermelstein (1983) and Mother-Child Relationship Scale (MCRE) by Roth (1961) were administered to all participants. Mann- Whitney non-parametric test was used for data analysis.
Statistical results indicated that intervention of unity-oriented psychology conceptions was effective in reducing the stress level and improving mother-child relationship in the experimental group as compared to the control group. A two month follow up... .

Aim: The purpose was to determine the role of psychological factors on coronary heart disease severity with mediation role of unhealthy behaviors.
This study utilized a descriptive correlational design. Statistical population of this study was included of patients with coronary heart disease of Tehran Heart Center and Fajr hospital with the quantity of 15000, of which 343 people were selected by convenience sampling. Research tools were depression, anxiety, stress scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), multidimensional scale of perceived social support (Zimet, Dahlen, Zimet, & Farly, 1988), state-trait anger expression inventory-2 (Spielberger, 1999), aggression questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992) and Type D Scale (Denollet, 1988). Unhealthy behaviors were assessed by using food frequency questionnaire and the number of cigarettes smoking per day. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.
The results showed that unhealthy behaviors mediate the relationship between psychological factors and coronary heart disease severity.
Psychological factors have an effect on the severity of coronary heart disease and part of this effect is related to the unhealthy behaviors. Therefore, it is recommended, psychological factors and unhealthy behaviors in coronary heart disease should be considered in the treatment programs.

Aim: Purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of computerized cognitive rehabilitation on prospective memory performance in patients with traumatic brain injury.
Method was experimental with pretest & posttest design with waiting-list control. Study population included all patients with brain injury who referred to neurologists in the city of Shahrekord in Iran (N=150). 52 patients with traumatic brain injury, who met the inclusion criteria, were randomly assigned to experimental and waiting-list control groups. Experimental group trained for eight sessions with a memory rehabilitation software and waiting-list control group did not receive any intervention. Training for this group was postponed after the conclusion of training the experimental group. To assess prospective memory at pretest, posttest, and follow-up, the retrospective-prospective memory Scale Crawford, et al. (2003) was used.
Findings showed a significant difference between the means of prospective memory in experimental and waiting-list control groups. Also, post-test and follow-up scores in the experimental group were not statistically different.
Computerized cognitive rehabilitation has a significant effect on prospective memory performance in patients with traumatic brain injury. Hence, it can be used as an effective and helpful method to improve memory performance of these patients.

Aim: Purpose of study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the attribution style questionnaire among Iranian university students.
In this correlational study, 270 students (93 male, 177 female) were selected from among 6000 university students from the Islamic Azad University (Central Tehran branches). Selection was made using multistage sampling and participants completed attribution style questionnaire Peterson, Semel, Beayer, Abramson, Metalsky & Seligman (1982) and achievement emotions questionnaire Pekrun, Goetz & Perry, 2005. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to compute the attribution style questionnaire's factorial validity.
Results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a three factor structure consisting of the internal/external, stable/unstable and specific/universal dimensions for positive and negative situations. A positive correlation between adaptive causal attributions with positive achievement emotions and a negative correlation between non-adaptive causal attributions with negative achievement emotions provided first hand evidence of the attribution Style questionnaire's convergent validity. Internal consistency for the scales of the attribution style questionnaire was acceptable.
In sum, these findings provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the attribution style questionnaire as an instrument to measure causal attributions among Iranian university students.

Aim: Purpose of study was to explain the mediation role of childhood trauma in the relationship between parenting style and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation in child laborers.
Method was a descriptive correlational design, and the study population consisted of all child laborers in Tehran, N= 20,000 persons. 317 child laborers between the ages of 12 to 17 were selected via multistage sampling. Data was collected using the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire of Garnefski, Kraaij, & Spinhoven (2001), the Alabama parenting questionnaire of Frick (1991) and the Childhood Trauma questionnaire, short-form Bernstein & Fink (1994).
Data was analyzed using structural equation modeling techniques and results showed that parenting style and childhood trauma significantly predict adaptive cognitive emotion regulation. It was also found that childhood trauma mediates the relationship between parenting style and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation.
These results indicated the important role of childhood trauma in the relationship between parenting style and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation and it is necessary to plan training parenting style programs to improve the living conditions of child laborers.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to study the mediating role of perfectionism (socially prescribed, self – oriented and other oriented) in relation between perceived sociocultural pressure and body dissatisfaction in undergraduate student daughters of Islamic Azad university .
164 undergraduate student daughters in Islamic Azad university (Karaj Branch) selected randomly through multiphase cluster sampling. subjects completed multidimensional perfectionism scale (Hewitt, Flett), perceived sociocultural pressure scale (stice, Bearman) and multidimensional Body – self Relation questionnaire (Brown, Cash). Data analyzed with Hierarchical multiple Regression.
There was a significant relation between perceived sociocultural pressure and body dissatisfaction. There was significant relation between self-oriented and socially prescribed perfection to body dissatisfaction. There was no significant relation between other-oriented perfectionism and body dissatisfaction.
In comparison with perfectionism, perceived sociocultural pressure is a good predictor of body dissatisfaction. The results are important for explaining body dissatisfaction.