مجله پژوهش های اخلاقی
سال ششم شماره 4 (پیاپی 24، تابستان 1395)

Creator of the universe ¡ infinite rays of the essence and Jamil their names through the mirror verses traits and legislation development in the field of souls ¡ made manifest and people always comment that I hesitate to see hundreds of thousands had been the hundreds of thousands effects ¡ in this paper an attempt has been made to the divine revelations of academic perspectives ¡ philosophical¡ spiritual ¡ artistic ¡ educational ¡ and desired to be considered and the results of each of these attitudes ¡ to be presented before the Lord of wisdom.

In today's world due to ethical issues in international trade and the economy in general, has gained extraordinary importance. Business ethics is a branch of applied ethics andspiritual morality or ethical issues arising from what I have in the business environment or business environment examined. Also due to economic globalization, the development of communication and thereby expanding markets, the need for ethical points in trade has increased more than any other time. Religions and especially Islam and Ahlul Bayt(a.s) 's interpretation emphasizes important in creating moral basis for better life of all faiths have been targets of religious teachings is evident. In fact, according to Islamic teachings real strategy for a better life and stay ahead of the opening perfectionism best solution is to resort to trade where ethics to be done carefully.

Last two decades¡ some philosophers of social sciences and economists showed their interest in evolutionary explanations of Justice. Brian Skyrms is one of great contributor of these explanations. His two major works¡ Evolution of the social contract (1996) and stag hunt and evolution of social structure (2004)¡ are attempting to lay such explanations of justice by evolutionary game theory. The purpose of this paper is to present and evaluate the analytical framework and foundations of Skyrms’ idea. Accordingly¡ the paper¡ based on theoretical and analytical method¡ finds basic building blocks of Skyrms’ account of the social contract and then examines those foundations. Research findings show that skyrms seeks to naturalization of concepts such as justice; Project that meet with shortcomings such positive conception of values and inner inconsistency.

Flexibility in accounting an opportunity for the company that through the manipulation of financial information¡ have some abuses to cover their actual financial swing. Therefore¡ the aim of this study is investigate the impact of Auditors ethical on the discovery of manipulated financial data. For this purpose the indicators information of independence¡ integrity¡ impartiality and ethical rules on how the ethics of auditors¡ by means of questionnaires from the auditors and CPAs were collected and analyzed. Inferential tests results of mean and confirmatory factor analysis of structural equation showed that Auditor's ability to detect manipulated of financial information is impacted by Ethical rules of auditing¡ independence¡ impartiality and integrity and ethical aspects of the audit considerably. So that the integrity and impartiality of auditors were determined as the most important factor discovered by manipulating financial data.

There are several different types of euthanasia That morally and fiqh are different from each other. Distinguish two major types¡ it is in the first type¡ Kill terminally ill with no hope of recovery¡ But the second type¡ leaves him to die. Evaluation of this distinction¡ can be responsive to the important question is whether the fiqh-ethical leaving for death is like killing? Many of moral philosophers consider the two types of morally equal. But in this paper highlight the distinction between the two types of euthanasia is clear that in terms of moral and juridical never be able to match; But as the active kind¡ it is clear forbidden and unethical¡ In a passive kind¡ it becomes clear that it is not forbidden. And the patients is terminally ill with no hope of recovery¡ There is no moral and religious duty to the patient's physician or even the sick person¡ to try to be kept him alive more.

Subject: Neglect organizations work ethic and weakness in ethics in dealing with human resources can create problems for organizations. Also discussion of ethics and especially Islamic work ethics is important in Iranian society. This attention to Islamic work ethics has made in recent years much research done on the related variable in the workplace. Due to an increase in Islamic work ethics research and identify the related variable to it¡ this study aimed to investigate the related variable to Islamic work ethics in research conducted in Iran.
The research method of this paper is the meta-analysis. Population of the study almost scientific papers that are the subject Islamic work ethics in 2001 and 2015 were published. Finally¡ 16 papers selected and analyzed with the Comprehensive Meta-analysis software.
The results showed that relationship of 16 variables was evaluated with Islamic work ethics in previous research. Among these variables¡ organizational commitment¡ organizational justice and job satisfaction had the most related to Islamic work ethics. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the effect size between organizational commitment and Islamic work ethics approximately 0.55¡ was in high level. Also relationship between justice culture and Islamic work ethics was about 0.53 and in high level. Results show that the combined effects of the relationship between job satisfaction and Islamic work ethics the equivalent of 0.27¡ was in weak level.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the alignment of moral values and organizational communication that the study was conducted in Telecommunication Infrastructure Company. Since no study has been done on the alignment of moral values and organizational communication ¡ This study could reveal alignment moral values with organizational communication. Statistical Society is Managers and employees of Telecommunication Infrastructure Company¡ which according to the sample of 284 people were selected for sampling. The research method is survey. Data were collected through questionnaires and The research questionnaires¡ including questionnaires Huntetal (1989)¡ Syngapkdy et al. (1996) and residents (1394) is used. The validity of the questionnaire was given to a number of specialists and senior managers and reached to confirm them and The Reliability of SPSS software through Cronbach test of reliability was demonstrated. The findings also showed¡ In the official relations only component in the ethical values of responsibility creates a direct and significant relationship and In informal relations components of commitment¡ fairness¡ responsibility and participation in a direct and significant relationship creates moral values and It was determined by regression analysis ¡ There is a alignment moral values and organizational communication.

Self-esteem is of key topics in the life of the human beings and has direct impact on his success and defeats. This case is proposed as a target in the Islamic educational system in order to lead them in the way of health. The purpose of this article is recognition of the keys to achieve the Self-esteem. This article in descriptive- analytical method and in the Quran-narrative view is going to showthe ways of Self-esteem¡ and the most importantof them are: Trust in God¡ resorting to Quran and …. In the end this article describes the educational functions of self-esteem and its impacts on the emergence of self-esteem and providing mental health.

The semiotics about ethic words in Quran is among the latest studies in the field of Qoranic researches aiming to discover new layers of meaning from Quran words through a systematic and accurate study. in the current text¡ it has been attempted to analyze the ethic word ''sacrifice" to its essential elements of meaning components through a semiotic and detailed look; in addition to the etymology of this word¡ its intersexual relations including collocation¡ substituational¡ and stylistic relations should be considerate. It must be concluded that the meaning of “sacrifice" in Quran is not a single-layered concept¡ but¡ it has interwebbed borders. Saving the essential meaning of “choose"¡ this word entered the Quran’s semantic system in its developmental path and covered components such as no intermediating¡ choice or authority¡ various alternatives¡ desirability¡ and positive and negative value weights. In the process of its meaning development¡ this word involved meaning allocation to the extent that today¡ whatever is suggested by the meaning of "sacrifice" has an absolute special and general relation.

The goal of research is the dimension of differences and similarities thinking and Islamic educating and training and the method of studying in describing document analysis. The tool of data gathering is indexing from resources and written documents in educating and Islamic training and critical thinking. The information which gather are shown follows; 1- analysis¡ comment¡ evaluation¡ presumption¡ explaining and self-regulating from critical thinking that has paid attention and emphasis on both matters.2. The goal of Islamic training is of please God¡ but critical thinking is the growth of mental skills that is the basic differences between two categories. 3. With respect to Islamic training view point critical thinking is one the thinking goals in achieving intellectualization and moving all around nel the world or and where or one and God direction. 4. With attendance to Islamic emphasis on unrecieieving works without reason and proof contradiction that critical thinking is one of the social and rational growth principles in Islamic training. 5. Critical thinking is the most important growth and movement process that is completing dated.

The aim of this study is explain the position of critical thinking in epistemic deontology of ethic of belief. So¡ used from conceptual analysis method for analyzing epistemic deontology and critical thinking and explain the position of critical thinking in epistemic deontology. The findings show that for rationality to the beliefs and regard of ethic of Belief¡ should provide the necessary and sufficient reasons for belief (Evidentialism). Achieving to this reasons and evidences needed to investigate about the belief (Epistemic Deontology). For to conduct the research¡ should have rules that their application cause done efficiently epistemic deontology process. Critical thinking consists of skills that each can be as a rule and will use in the process of investigation a belief. These rules include "judge with clear criteria and avoid hasty judgments"¡
"questioning"¡ "self-correction"¡ "to distinguish strong from weak reason"¡ "Failure to follow the majority and truth-seeking"¡
"analyzing"¡ "perfect review"¡ "obvious and avoid ambiguity"¡
"avoid prejudice"¡ "comprehensive review"¡ " flexibility"¡ " follow up doubts"¡ "listening to opposite opinions"¡ "separate belief from the owner belief"¡ "review defaults" that with use in process of ethic of belief¡ cause epistemic deontology be lawful.