نشریه طب انتظامی
سال پنجم شماره 3 (پیاپی 18، پاییز 1395)

Enteric fever causes by Salmonella enteric and in 600 thousand of cases leading to death. We aimed to report a severe case of salmonellosis in a child.
The patient was a male 4 month old child who referred to ACECR (Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research) with 2 days history of fever, vomiting and diarrhea. Interviewing, blood analyze, blood and stool culture have done. Stool culture and biochemical tests confirmed the Salmonella Paratyphi C. Patient and his family hadnt any history related to salmonellosis.
This report showed infection must be transmitted by a nonmember of family asymptomatic carrier. Treatment has done by oral suspension of 100 mg/ml Cefexcime. Stool exam has showed the normal flora after 20 days.

Current study is aimed at designing and producing gold-nanoparticle based aptasensor for colorimetric detection of tri-nitro toluene (TNT).
Gold-nanoparticles have a wide range of application in designing biosensors for their special and highly sensitive plasmonic characteristics. In the present study, TNT molecule has been detected by designing and producing gold nanoparticle based aptasensor. After synthesizing gold nanoparticles and functionalizing them by ssDNA aptamer having 52 nucleotides, aptasensor performance for detecting target molecule was evaluated. Techniques such as dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscope and UV-Vis spectrophotometer were used to characterize the size and shape of nanoparticles, functionalizing them by aptamer, and also their sensitivity to detect target.
UV-Vis spectrophotometer, DLS, and TEM microscopy tests indicated that gold nanoparticles were synthesized with excellent quality and average size of 40 nm. TNT molecule was colorimetric detected with sensitivity of 15 nanomolar using gold nanoparticle based aptasensor.
According to the results it can argue that the strategy promises a novel method in detection due to wide range of such aptasensors detection. .

Addiction is one of the most important social harms, that seriously threatens society, particularly the young generation. It endangers the individual, family and society health and also leads to mental and moral corruption. The present research was designed by the aim of investigating the role of family’s function in prediction of tendency to drugs among students.
The present study is descriptive and correlational. The population of this research includes all the high school boy students in Karaj city in the academic year of 1392-93, which included 15000 students. Based on the Krejcie and Morgan table, the number of the sample was determined as 375 individuals, which were selected through a multistage cluster sampling. The data collection was performed through addiction potential scale of Weed et al. (APS) (1992) and family assessment devise (FAD) of Epstein et al, (1983). For analyzing the data, methods of Pearson correlation and step-by-stem regression were used, and the data were analyzed by using SPSS v. 18.
Findings showed that in families of 14.4% of the individuals, there is an addiction background, and in 6/85% there is no addiction background in the family. The correlation results showed that the components of problem-solving and affection expression have a negative and significant relationship with tendency to addiction, and their values are – 0.197 and – 0. 144 (P > 0.05). Also, the relationship between the component of role and tendency to addiction was not significant (P > 0.05). The results of step-by-step regression also indicated that the components of problem solving and affection expression explain 0.074 of the differences in tendency to addiction and the effect size of each of these variables in the regression equation is 0.324 and 0.225, respectively.
Regarding the importance of the role of family’s function in drug tendency among students, the results of the present study can be useful in the context of planning and making appropriate policies for the purpose of promoting educational programs to families and their students.

Knowledge, attitude and marriage expectation are keys mechanisms in anticipating real behavior in marriage. According to the importance of marriage in Iran country this study was done with aim of study of knowledge, attitude and marriage expectation in single Tehran's Police Personal
This cross sectional study was done on 366 Tehranian single police personal in year 2014. In this study subjects selected using two-stage cluster sampling and responded to the demographical questioner and knowledge, attitude and marriage expectation questioner that validity and reliability were confirmed. In this study data were analyzed suing SPSS version 20 software and reported by independent t-test, analysis of variance with Tukey`s multiple comparison and Pearson correlation.
This study consist of 366 person (172 (47%) female and 194 (53%) male -162 (44%) Line personal and 204(56%) staff personal) with mean age and work experience 26 and 5 year respectively.Among study variable job type, education, military grade, employment status, monthly income, age, year of services relationship with marriage’s expectation and military grade, income, age, ideal child size showed significant relationship with marriage’s attitude. Finally military grade, income and ideal child size showed relationship with knowledge.
Given the low knowledge and attitude rather marriage expectation, using practical approaches to increase these two areas and improving living condition were be suggested.

Many components such as personal, familial, and social factors in an onset, continuing and relapse after treatment of substance dependency are effective. Therefore the aim of the present research was to examine the role of religiosity, parenting style, and alexithymia, in readiness to addiction in adolescents.
The population of the current research included all girl and boy adolescents in Kermanshah city in 1393-1394 academic years that were 10000. Among them, three hundred and five were selected as sample group by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The instruments include Baumrind parenting style, Arian religiosity assessment, Toronto Alxithymia scale, and Zargar readiness to addiction questionnaire. The data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics (correlation and simultaneous regression) via SPSS software.
The results showed that readiness to addiction has positive relationship with alexithymia, easy going and arbitrary parenting style and has negative relationship with authoritative parenting style and religiosity.
The results showed that alexithymia, parenting styles and religiosity are able to predict significantly readiness to addiction in adolescents.

Application of vehicles in urban areas is one of the necessities of social lives and such needs certainly lead to greater use of vehicles. Traffic collision, road injuries and deaths are some consequence of traffic violations. The major element in traffic accidents is human factor. Personality type influences their behavior while driving. The objective of this research is to investigate the frequency of human errors while driving in urban areas.
Eight locations on streets of urban area of Shiraz was selected by multistage sampling and a camera recorded 5-minute period in each point. Ten moving violations checked for every driver or pedestrian.
The results showed that 26% of the travelers commit traffic violations. 92% of the motorbike drivers disregarded their safety and did not use helmet. The pedestrians also ignored the risk of accident and passed illegal points
According to the findings of the research, it can be said that in a short period of time, one in every four people commit a traffic offense. The reason is lack of proper training of traffic rules, lack of understanding the risk and non-standard passages.

The purpose of this study was to consider the effect of Velocity-Balance training on Balance in Police middle-aged males.
20 middle-aged males without any precedence of lower extremity, voluntarily participated in this study. They divided into two groups as follow: group 1: Velocity- Balance (n=10) exercise 2: control group (n=10). One day before from executing of exercises, Balance assessed with using the SEBT test. Within 6 week that exercises group executing exercise programs, Control group asked to continue their daily common activities. One day after from completing of exercises, Balance of subjects assessed with using the SEBT test.
Significant differences were seen between pre and post reaching distance using SEBT after the applying velocity-balance training program for practice group in all directions of SEBT. The results not showed any difference between pre and post reaching distance in SEBT for control group.
According to the results, using velocity-balance exercises in middle-aged male training programs are recommended to decrease likelihood of falling and improve the middle-aged population Balance.

Considering the importance of citation analysis in journal evaluation this study was conducted to citation analysis and the half-life of published articles in the Journal of Police Medicine during 2012 to 2016.
This study is a prospective longitudinal study of bibliometric studies that have been done in 2016. Data collection was done by a valid data collection form in published articles during 2012 to 2016 and were summarized, and reported based on the objectives of the study by the Excel version 2007.
The results showed that the half-life of references was 7.48 years. From 3534 citations were made, 2932 was related to journals. 77.53% of the references were in English and 12 core journals was known.
According to the distribution of references it is recommended used that responsible provide the needed resources especially core journals perform the necessary actions. Also with considering the importance of half-life of the references it is recommended that restrictions on the references used by the authors apply.