نشریه مدیریت بهره وری
پیاپی 11 (زمستان 1388)

Assembly lines are important approaches for mass production of industrial products. Nowadays, these lines are also used for producing customized products in low volume. Undesirable balancing increases the cycle time and idle time and subsequently decreases production rates and line efficiency while augmenting the cost of system. These factors ultimately reduce the productivity of manufacturing systems. For this reason, the researchers and practitioners of production and operation management take a deep concentration on assembly line balancing problem. In this paper, Boisen’s theoretic principles of line balancing are studied in the first section. In the second section, the current situation of a sample firm is analyzed and accordingly a suitable mathematical model is used for balancing with respect to the optimal standard and constraints of the firm. This model has been solved with a branch-and-bound procedure using LINGO Software and the global optimum solution has been found. In order to evaluate the effect of balancing, proper indices have been calculated for the current and proposed designs. Based on this comparison, some conclusions about the improvement of system’s performance have been pointed out.

In today's complex and changing environment, quality is a strategic word for all organizations, whether governmental, non-governmental, service-giving, manufacturing, etc., so a Hending to this topic is vital for organizations. At present, with regard to the new concept of quality, the quality strategy and strategy quality are considered crucial and modern managerial issues for competition and the success of every organization. There have been numerous definitions and descriptions of quality, but one of the most important problems of management is how this and other qualitative methods can become quantitative and thus be measurable. The fuzzy theory and logic has to some extent been able to solve this problem and formulate the qualitative methods with the help of linguistic variables, or the so-called natural language. The fuzzy logic, which has been interoduced to the field of science by Professor Lotfizadeh, has been of great assistance, especially to the organizational managers, by quantifying the qualitative issues and methods.
In this study, we try to categorze quality with regard to the new concept of quality and its four indices: 1) Physical characteristics and condition, 2) Cost and Value, 3) on- time Delivery, 4) post-sale services, and by using MATLAB software. Finally, we offer an example for the better understanding of themodel.

This paper introduces a method to find the optimal solution of technology selection model with fuzzy data. The paper suggests a simple computational method to obtain the optimal solution of fuzzy linear programming (LP) problem used in technology selection without the need for solving any fuzzy LP. Clearly the contribution of this research is that it reduces the fuzzy computational complexity, which is significant when dealing with more complex computations.

Nowadays, most of the organizations undergo changes and any change needs the staff and managers who are adaptable to changes. Meanwhile, the social interaction in a suitable and effective way has cumulative importance as a key element in the management of organizational change. In future development and competition between organizations would be won by managers who could interact with human resources effectively. In this regard, EQ intelligence could play a major role in the relations of management with the members of the organization. The statistical society of this research includes top managers of governmental and industrial organizations of East Azerbaijan and Isfahan. In this research, by collecting the related data of emotional intelligence of managers using questionnaire and determining the indices of development in each province, the data analysis was done using spss 14 software. The obtained results show minor difference between emotional intelligence of the managers in both provinces. Also, there is no relation between the emotional intelligence of managers and the development of Isfahan as compared to East Azerbaijan.

Today, service industry is changing in the world. New technologies have changed the methods of the service-giving to customers in many organizations. Information and communication technology has also affected bank services. In this research, we study the effect of different levels of factors affecting the customer tendency to use electronic banking services based on Davis’s technology acceptance model in banking industry. According to this model, the perceived ease, the perceived usefulness and an additional factor, the perceived security, were studied. The research method was causal-comparative, and in order to test the hypothesis, the ANOVA model was used. The results showed that the effect of different levels of factors affecting the customer tendency to use electronic banking services is different, and all research hypotheses were confirmed.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between identity styles and motivation factors and success feeling in the elite teenager male soccer and karate players. The condition of the variable were also described and compared. 352 individuals were selected randomly (176 persons from 1387 national adolescent championship competitions). Identity styles were measured by ISI-6G test (White et al., 1998), and motivation factors were measured by SMS-6 questionnaire (Mallet et al., 2007), and success feeling was measured by Raudseep (1984) test. In both groups, the highest mean score in identity styles belonged to informative style; the highest mean scores in success feeling belonged to idealist; and the highest mean score in motivational factors in soccer belonged to introjected regulation and in karate to intrinsic motivation. In both groups, there was significant difference in normative, diffuse-avoidant identities and amotivational and external regulation. There was no significant difference in success feeling in both groups.There was a significant relationship between identity styles and motivation factors and feeling of success as follows: -Between informative identity style with external regulation factor, identified regulation factor is positive.-Between informative identity styles with introjected regulation factor, integrated regulation factor, intrinsic motivation is positive.
-Between normative identity styles with introjected regulation factor, integrated regulation factor, intrinsic motivation is positive.
-Between diffuse-avoidant identity style with amotivation factor is positive.
-Between diffuse-avoidant identity style with introjected regulation is negative.
-Between informative identity style and normative identity style with Success feeling is positive.
-Between diffuse- avoidant identity style with Success feeling is negative.
-Between amotivation factor with Success feeling is negative.
-Between intrinsic motivation factor with Success feeling is positive.

Today, entrepreneurship is increasingly considered as an important tool of employment creation and unemployment reduction by economists and policymakers. Regarding the quality of this relationship, many ambiguities have become apparent in developed countries. Some studies indicate that there is a positive relationship between unemployment and entrepreneurship. In other words, this group of studies states that any increase in unemployment will lead to increase in entrepreneurial activities. However, other studies support the presence of a negative relationship between variables and state that any increase in entrepreneurial activities will reduce the unemployment rate. This paper investigates the relationship between unemployment and entrepreneurship in the manufacturing sector of the country. The empirical results indicate the existence of one distinct relationship between these two variables in which entrepreneurship negatively affects unemployment.

The managers and the experts who give credit to the customers are the two groups for whom the financial information relavent to performance is so important. Accordingly, they consider some information like financial ratios to investigate the status of the company on the basis of which they make the appropriate decision. Analyzing the financial ratios has been done since a long time ago. In this study, at first, the importance of the different financial performance criteria was investigated by considering the ideas of the bank experts and by using the technique of AHP. After that, the ratios were put in order of priority and the four main groups were considered in order to get the ideas of the experts and the managers ofthebanks(public and private),therateofincompatibilitywas computed.It is clear that ordering in priority could be used as a suitable guide for the experts and the managers of both private and public banks, according to which they can consider the financial ratios to give credit to their customers and compare it with the ranking technique of horizontal ordering. This study was done to find the difference between the main changes of financial performance, and tried to find a sound relationship between liquidity, efficiency, investment, and profitability among the public and private banks. By using the statistical ways of computing the analysis of variance tow-way within-subjects (ANOVA), it was found that there is no difference between the general financial operations and the decision of the managers of the private and public banks of the two provinces; West Azerbaijan and East Azerbaijan. Then,By using the T-test it was found that there is no difference between the sub financial operations (such as liquidity, profitability, efficiency and investment) that may affect the decision making process of the bank managers of the private and public banks of the two provinces;West Azerbaijan and East Azerbaijan.